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They are all involved in reconstruction projects that will benefit the Assad government and Assad associates. The nine entities sanctioned under the Caesar Act in June all have one thing in common. Syrian laws instituted since the civil war began cleared the way for Assad to take the land of the millions of displaced with essentially no recourse, forever blocking their return. Among many other notable terms, it called for sanctions on anyone supporting Russia and Iranian military contractors, paramilitaries, or mercenaries.Īnd even more important, it called for a strategy to stop reconstruction in areas controlled by Syria, Russia, or Iran where civilians have been forcibly displaced. The law mandated sanctions on anyone providing support to the Syrian government and senior political figures, anyone supporting the Syrian oil and gas industry, anyone providing military aircraft or parts, and anyone providing construction or engineering services to the Syrian government.īut the law did more than sanction Syria. sanctions and passed the Caesar Act as Title 74 of the National Defense Authorization Act ( PDF), with President Trump signing it on December 20. In response to the brutality, Congress in December 2019 built upon previous U.S. United Nations Security Council resolution 2254, unanimously passed in 2015, presents a pathway to ending the war, but Assad, backed by Russia and Iran and their armed forces, has refused to meet its terms. The war has resulted in 400,000 to 500,000 people killed, and more than 11 million people either displaced within Syria or turned into refugees outside their country-out of a prewar population of 21 million. This torture is only one small piece of the devastation of a war that started in 2011. Some of the photos were first released in 2014, and their authenticity was confirmed publicly in 2015. Share on TwitterĪpproved in December 2019, the Caesar Act is named after a Syrian military police photographer who defected in 2013 with 53,000 photographs showing horrific torture by the Assad government.
#CAESAR 3 DAMASCUS FULL#
Syria-and Russia and Iran-have not yet felt the Caesar Act in full force. Second, more speculatively, the United States is likely to focus the Caesar Act's power on stopping the Assad government from reconstructing Syria on expropriated land in a way that would forever change Syrian demographics and prevent the return of refugees and displaced people, and enrich Assad and his allies.Īlthough implementation started in June, there is much more to come. What are we to make of this? First, although implementation started in June, there is much more to come. And only nine of the 34 were sanctioned specifically under Caesar authorities, but they were also sanctioned under existing executive orders. All of the targets could have been sanctioned without the Caesar Act.Īll of the people and entities sanctioned were sanctioned under existing executive orders that pre-dated Caesar, two ( PDF) from 2011 ( PDF) and one from 2019 ( PDF). Yet a closer look at the 15 Department of State sanctions and the 24 Department of Treasury sanctions reveals a puzzling fact. The Departments of State and Treasury made similar announcements affirming a new chapter to bring the devastating Syrian civil war to a humane end. “Today's designations send a clear message that no individual or business should enter into business with or otherwise enrich such a vile regime,” the White House announced. government announced the implementation of the Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act with a flurry of sanctions against 39 people and entities connected with the brutal government of President Bashar al-Assad in Syria.